Relieving headache and migraine with cold therapy

How does cold therapy work?

The pain-relieving effect of cold therapy is likely due to the cold sensation helping to distract from the pain.

What does the research say about cold therapy for migraines?

The studies conducted on cold therapy involve only a few patients. Since the studies cannot be blinded (it is obvious to the user whether they have received a cold or non-cold ice pack), there will be a significant placebo effect. 

There are only a few studies that have investigated the effectiveness of cold treatments specifically for migraines, either as cooling headbands³ or as ice packs for the neck². In both studies, many of the participants' migraine pain was relieved within 30 minutes while they were using the cooling. However, there is no indication of long-term relief or a preventative effect². 

Should I try cold therapy?

Cold therapy is easily accessible, inexpensive, and many report relief from headaches and migraines, so it may be worth a try. Cold therapy can also be used in conjunction with acute treatment. It can also be used if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

If you want to get started with cold therapy, you can, for example, start by using a bag of frozen peas or similar wrapped in a towel. Try it for a short period the first time to avoid getting too cold. If it hurts or becomes uncomfortable, stop. If cold therapy works for you, you can upgrade from frozen peas and buy a cooling helmet/cooling cap specifically developed for migraine sufferers. One of the newest products in this category is the Danish-developed cooling helmet relevo.

Not a substitute for professional medical advice

While cold treatments can offer quick relief, it is important to remember that they do not replace professional medical advice. If you are unsure whether you should seek medical attention, you can read more here.